Computational design of antimicrobial peptide nanopores
A computational de novo design framework enables the design of α-helical peptides that assemble into transmembrane barrel-stave pores (TBPs) for antimicrobial activity, with broader potential applications in nanopore sen
Antibiotic resistance is a global health threat, driving the need for new molecules that kill bacteria via nontraditional mechanisms. Researchers have developed a computational de novo design strategy for α-helical peptides that self-assemble into large, stable and membrane-spanning nanopores with antimicrobial activity.
Molecular dynamics simulations guided the selection of sequences for transmembrane barrel-stave pore formation, which were validated by microscopy, electrophysiology and fluorescence assays. The design framework was further refined through computational and experimental analyses, including negative design controls.
General design guidelines and 52 modular sequence templates with tunable antimicrobial, pore-forming properties were developed. Mechanistic studies confirmed bacterial cytoplasmic membrane disruption via designed nanopore formation.
A tuned lead peptide selectively killed drug-resistant ESKAPEE bacteria, including Acinetobacter baumannii, without harming human cells, and showed anti-infective efficacy in preclinical mouse infection models.
The framework presented here enables the design of synthetic peptide nanopores for precision antimicrobials, anticancer agents, molecular sensors and delivery systems.