Advancements in P2X7 Antagonists: Mechanistic Insights to Therapeutic Applications
The purinergic receptor P2X7, cloned in the 1990s, is distinctive in that, beyond the initial 14 opening of a cationic channel at lower ATP concentrations, several downstream effects have been observed.
This paper presents a comprehensive review of the P2X7 receptor, highlighting its mechanistic properties and potential therapeutic applications. The authors discuss the current state of knowledge on P2X7 antagonists, including their chemical structure, pharmacokinetics, and in vitro/in vivo efficacy. The research highlights the importance of P2X7 in various physiological and pathological processes, including inflammation, immune response, and neurodegenerative diseases. The authors also explore the potential of P2X7 antagonists as therapeutic agents, including their potential to treat conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease.