Mitochondrial Respiratory Supercomplexes Associated with Longevity in Mammals
Because of population aging and morbidity expansion, extending healthspan has become a global challenge and it is required to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying aging and age-related diseases.
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of aging, characterized by impaired oxidative phosphorylation, increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and metabolic imbalance. Therefore, maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is essential for healthspan.
Mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes organize into higher-order assemblies known as supercomplexes (SCs), which enable efficient energy or ATP production with repressed ROS generation. Notably, the assembly and stability of these SCs likely decline in aged mammals.
In addition, factors such as COX7RP/SCAF1 and mitochondrial lipid cardiolipin have emerged as key regulators of SC assembly. Emerging evidence supports SC modulation as a potential strategy for promoting healthy aging.
The molecular mechanisms underlying the association between mitochondrial respiratory supercomplexes and longevity in mammals are complex and multifaceted. Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of these complexes in maintaining healthspan.
In conclusion, understanding the molecular assembly, physiological roles, and longevity implications of mitochondrial respiratory supercomplexes is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies to promote healthy aging.
Limitations of this review include the limited availability of data on SCs in aged mammals. Future studies should aim to investigate the effects of SC modulation on healthspan in animal models.
In summary, mitochondrial respiratory supercomplexes play a critical role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and promoting healthy aging. Further research is needed to fully explore their potential as a therapeutic target.