Reproducibility of Continuous Glucose Monitoring-Derived Postprandial Glucose Features and Their Association with Glycemic Control in Type 2

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has emerged as a valuable tool for assessing postprandial glucose response (PPGR) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The study evaluates the within-subject reproducibility of dynamic PPGR parameters obtained by CGM and explores their potential as independent predictors of glycemic control in T2D. A total of 102 individuals with T2D underwent a 7-day CGM and consumed a standardized breakfast twice to assess the 4-h glucose response, described by several parameters including glucose peak, time to peak, delta glucose max, nadir, incremental area under the glucose curve, and mean postprandial glucose. The study found moderate to good reproducibility for single measurements of these parameters, with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) ranging from 0.69 to 0.78. Multivariable linear regression models revealed that certain PPGR parameters were strong predictors of glycemic control metrics such as time in range, mean glucose, and HbA1c. Specifically, mean postprandial glucose was the strongest predictor of these outcomes, while the glucose peak was a main predictor of short-term glycemic variability. These findings suggest that CGM-derived parameters of PPGR are reproducible and could represent a practical tool for uncovering meaningful information about glucose control in individuals with T2D.